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DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE STUDY HABITS

However, the ability to study well- is a skill. And not everyone has it. In fact, being successful in school requires a high level of study skills. Students must first learn these skills, practice them and develop effective study habits in order to be successful in their academic pursuits. Good study habits include many different skills: like good time management, self-discipline, concentration, memorization, organization, etc.

You will learn about your preferred learning channels, how to organize your studies, ways to help you remember what you have studied and many more in this article.  The skills you will learn here can be used in other areas of life- your job, career, or any activity that requires thought, planning information processing, and self-discipline.

YOUR LEARNING PREFERENCE

Knowing how you learn best is the best step in developing effective study habits. Every student has a unique and personal learning style or a preferred channel through which learning becomes easier, or even pleasurable.

Ask yourself the following: - Am I more inclined to remember something better when I see it, when I hear it or when I experience it or do something active with it?

We all use all three learning channels, in fact- we use all our senses in learning about the world around us and within us. But each of us has a tendency to learn better on one of these three learning channels – visual, auditory or hands-on.  But you can go very far in improving your study habits by developing all three learning channels.

 To improve as a visual learner

o   Visualize what you are studying.

o   Use color in your notes (e.g. coloured pens, highlighter).

o   Draw pictures and diagrams.

o   Use mind in your notes.

To improve as  an auditory learner.

o   Listen to tapes or recorded assignments.

o   Record your own textbook.

o   Participate in class discussions.

o   Talk over ideas from class when studying with other students.

o   Tape record lectures during classes.

To improve as a hands-on learner

o   Stand up and move around while you are studying.

o   Take frequent breaks while studying.

o   Make use of your hands and write things down as you study.

o   Be physically active, and experiment with objects.

o   Memorize or drill while willing or exercising.

WHEN TO STUDY

Daily Reviews: Study begins on the first day of class. Review your notes immediately after each class to reinforce learning, or within a 24-hour period for best recall. Repeated exposure to the material will store it in your long-term memory. Studies show that as much as 80% of material learned in a class is forgotten within 24 hours if there is no review.

Weekly Reviews: At the end of the week, go over your notes for the week. This refreshes your memory and promotes better recall of the material. Repetition is the key to remembering. The more times you look at the material, the stronger you make the neural (brain) pathways that lead to the material. This makes recall much easier.

Pre-Exam Reviews: This review is longer,  from 3-5 hours. Break your study sessions into one-hour blocks- with ten minute breaks in between. Get up, stretch, get a drink and move around during your break. The more active you are, the more effective your study time will be.

STUDY TIME

·        Peak  Study Times:

Study when you are at your peak when you are more awake and alert and able to absorb new information. If you are a morning person, your best study times are in the mornings. If you are an evening person, study at night. If you cannot find time to study at your peak time try to study when you are feeling relatively awake and alert.

·        Bonus Study Time:-

Whenever you have free time, such as when waiting for appointments, study your notes, study when you are in a car, bus etc.  Study in your car by tape recording your notes and listening to them when driving to school. Study whenever you find yourself having an unexpected break, a free hour, cancelled classes etc. Don’t forget that weekend evenings can also be used for studying.  

STATE YOUR INTENTION

Why are you studying and what do you intend to gain from it> ask yourself this question every time you sit down to study. Relate studying to your life goals. If you cannot see the point of studying, it will only make it boring and tedious. Think about your goals. Ask yourself, “Is this what I really want to be doing?”  “What do I hope to gain from this?” You have to put meaning into your studies in order for them to be meaningful.

Prioritize your time and put off other activities to allow for adequate study time. You may find it necessary to postpone certain activities in order to fulfill your goals as a student.

Schedule study time daily in your planner. Be sure to plan extra time for long study sessions before the test. Schedule time for weekly reviews of all your notes from the beginning of class to the present.

HOW TO STUDY

Reading and studying Textbooks:

As soon as you buy your textbook for a class, read the table of contents, prefaces, introduction and any other upfront materials in the book. Read the captions, read chapter titles, and go to the back of the book to see if there is a glossary, an index etc.

When you are ready to begin reading a chapter, don’t just plunge into your reading.

Here is a way to get the most out of your reading- first, preview the chapter, look at headings, subheadings, topic sentences, boldface and italicized  words, pictures diagrams, graphs, summaries and review questions at the end.

Second:, ask yourself questions about the subheadings.

Third: read a section of the chapter (one subheading at a time). Put the book down and ask yourself what you just read. Did you understand what it was about, could you answer questions about it? Could you explain it to someone else?

Fourth: Don’t skip any part of the chapter. Read the sidelines, the captions under photos, definitions and any additional information the author has included.

Fifth: don’t be afraid to mark your text, using different coloured highlighters for particularly important parts.

Sixth: outline the chapter: when you have read the chapter through, go back and take notes. Define the terms draw a diagram and explain things in your own words.

Seventh: draw arrows or other symbols to direct you to important details or definitions. If a word appears that you do not know, look it up in the dictionary. Underline key points.

SQZR Method of Reading

Francis Robinson suggested a method for studying textbooks known as the SQZR method.

S: Survey. Look ahead at the content of the text before you begin to read. Glance at the chapter title, the introduction, headings, and summary paragraphs. If any. Notice any pictures, diagrams, graphs, tables etc.

Previewing your text gives you some background about topics you may have never encountered before you gain a better idea of how the information is organized and presented. It motivates you to read less interesting materials to get the good stuff.

Question:

Before you begin reading a section, turn the heading into a question for example,   if the heading is Basic causes of stress, your question would be “What are the basic causes of stress?” This arouses your curiosity and increases comprehension. As you locate the information that answers your questions, you may find it helpful to underline or highlight such information.

Read:

Read through the material in a normal way, read with concentration, jot down notes and ask yourself what you just read. If you can answer your question, read on, if not, look it over again.

Recite:

This requires you recite loud or silently the information so you gathered from the reading materials. Recitation aid retention.

Review: 

After you have read the chapters, review what you have learned several times to be sure you understand them. The goal of review is to over learn the material, which means to continue studying the material after you have first mastered it.

Strategies of studying:

Find a good place to study and only study there.  One way to help you study during your study periods is to find a good place that is free from distractions. Never do anything there except study.

Space only your study time.

Studying a list of new information once a day, for several days results in better recall of that information than studying the first time in one day.

Study Habits:

Study habits refer to the systematic  and organized way the individual behaves towards his homework, assignment, reading, note taking, study periods, level of attraction, concentration and the habits of solving examination problems

-         Those who do not continue their education are closing the doors to the opportunity by Philip Rice.

-         Without skills a lot of things in life can leave you behind by Ernest Green.       

By: Emmanuel C. Okorie

Feb 11th, 2024

Nurturing Your Own Creative Instincts

Creativity is a powerful force that resides within each of us, waiting to be unleashed and explored. Whether you're an artist, writer, scientist, or entrepreneur, tapping into your creative instincts can lead to innovative ideas and a more fulfilling life.

Nurturing your creative side involves cultivating a mindset that values curiosity, embraces risk-taking, and encourages self-expression. To begin the journey of nurturing your creative instincts, it's crucial to foster a curious mindset. Curiosity fuels creativity by prompting us to ask questions, seek new experiences, and challenge conventional thinking.

Take time to explore diverse interests, read widely, and engage with people from different backgrounds. Curiosity opens doors to unexpected connections and sparks inspiration from the most unexpected sources. Embracing risk is another key element in nurturing creativity. Creativity often involves stepping outside your comfort zone and taking chances. Don't be afraid of failure; instead, view it as a stepping stone to growth and improvement.

Many groundbreaking ideas emerge from the willingness to experiment and learn from mistakes. Allow yourself the freedom to take risks, and you'll discover new dimensions of your creative potential. Create a conducive environment for creativity. Surround yourself with stimuli that inspire and motivate you. Whether it's a well-organized workspace, vibrant artwork, or nature's beauty, your surroundings can significantly impact your creative mindset.

Consider incorporating elements that resonate with your creative spirit, fostering an atmosphere that encourages free thinking and imagination. Develop a routine that nurtures your creative instincts. While routine may seem counterintuitive to creativity, establishing a consistent schedule can provide a structured space for your creative mind to flourish.

Set aside dedicated time for creative pursuits, whether it's brainstorming ideas, sketching, or writing. Regular practice builds momentum and helps your mind associate specific times with creative expression.

Collaborate and share ideas with others. Creativity often thrives in collaborative environments where diverse perspectives converge. Engage in discussions, join creative communities, and seek feedback from peers. Sharing your ideas not only provides valuable insights but also opens doors to fresh perspectives that can fuel your creativity further.

Silence your inner critic. The fear of judgment and self-doubt can stifle creativity. Learn to silence your inner critic by focusing on the joy of the creative process rather than fixating on perfection. Give yourself permission to explore without the pressure of immediate success. Remember, creativity is a journey, and every step forward is a victory.

Practice mindfulness to enhance your creative awareness. Being present in the moment allows you to fully engage with your surroundings and ideas. Mindfulness techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing exercises, can help quiet the noise in your mind, making room for creative insights to surface.

Celebrate your successes, no matter how small. Recognizing and appreciating your creative achievements reinforces a positive mindset. Celebrate milestones, learn from challenges, and use each experience as a building block for future creative endeavours.

In conclusion, nurturing your creative instincts is a lifelong journey that requires dedication, curiosity, and an open mind. Embrace the process, be patient with yourself, and enjoy the endless possibilities that creativity brings to your life. Remember, the more you invest in nurturing your creative instincts, the more they will flourish, enriching not only your creative pursuits but also your overall well-being.

By: Emmanuel C. Okorie

Jan 15th, 2024

Crafts Revival 

Crafts revival is a cultural resurgence that celebrates and revitalizes traditional artisanal practices, fostering a renewed appreciation for handcrafted goods. In an era dominated by mass production and technological advancements, the revival of crafts represents a return to authenticity, cultural heritage, and sustainable practices.

One of the key drivers behind the crafts revival is the recognition of the unique qualities inherent in handmade products. Craftsmanship embodies skills, creativity, and a connection to cultural roots that mass-produced items often lack. Consumers are increasingly drawn to the story behind each crafted piece, appreciating the time and effort invested by skilled artisans.

The revival of crafts also plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage. Many traditional crafts are deeply intertwined with the history and identity of communities. As these practices face the threat of extinction due to modernization, a crafts revival becomes a means of safeguarding cultural diversity and passing down valuable knowledge from one generation to the next.

Moreover, the crafts revival aligns with the growing demand for sustainable and ethically produced goods. 

Handcrafted items often involve environmentally friendly materials and production processes, promoting a more conscious approach to consumption. This shift towards sustainability resonates with consumers seeking alternatives to disposable and environmentally harmful products.

Artisanal communities benefit significantly from the crafts revival, as it creates economic opportunities and helps sustain traditional livelihoods. The increased demand for handmade products contributes to the economic empowerment of artisans, fostering a sense of pride and continuity in their craft.

In conclusion, the crafts revival represents a multifaceted movement that encompasses cultural preservation, sustainability, and economic empowerment. By embracing handcrafted goods, consumers actively participate in a broader cultural narrative, fostering a reconnection with tradition and an appreciation for the enduring beauty of artisanal craftsmanship. As the crafts revival continues to gain momentum, it not only transforms the way we consume but also redefines the value we place on the human touch in an increasingly mechanized world.

By: Emmanuel C. Okorie

Jan 7th, 2024

Negative Effects Of The Decline Of Creativity

The decline of creativity in contemporary society has ushered in a multitude of negative effects that permeate various aspects of our lives. As we witness a diminishing emphasis on nurturing imaginative thinking, the consequences manifest in education, the workplace, and cultural expressions.

In the realm of education, standardized testing and rigid curricula often stifle the development of creative thinking. The relentless focus on standardized assessments tends to prioritize rote memorization over innovative problem-solving. This myopic approach hampers the cultivation of a diverse set of skills crucial for navigating the complexities of the modern world.

The result is a generation ill-equipped to tackle novel challenges, as creativity is marginalized in favour of conformity. Moreover, the workplace suffers from a dearth of creativity when creativity is not fostered in educational institutions.

Organizations that neglect to prioritize creative thinking may find themselves struggling to adapt to rapidly changing environments. In an era characterized by technological advancements and unpredictable market shifts, the ability to think creatively becomes a competitive advantage. Without a workforce skilled in generating novel ideas, companies risk stagnation and obsolescence.

The decline in creativity is also evident in cultural expressions. Mass media and social media platforms, while providing unprecedented connectivity, can inadvertently contribute to a homogenized cultural landscape.

Algorithms that curate content based on popular trends may inadvertently suppress niche and unconventional forms of expression. This results in a loss of diversity in the cultural narrative, stifling the emergence of alternative perspectives and fresh ideas.

Furthermore, the decline of creativity can have profound implications for mental well-being. Creativity is not merely a luxury; it serves as a therapeutic outlet for individuals to express themselves and navigate the complexities of life. The stifling of creative expression may contribute to a sense of monotony and frustration, leading to a decline in overall mental health.

The ability to engage in imaginative pursuits has been linked to reduced stress, enhanced emotional well-being, and improved cognitive function. Social innovation, a driving force behind progress, is also compromised in a society that devalues creativity. Pioneering solutions to societal challenges often arise from novel, out-of-the-box thinking. When creativity takes a back seat, societies may find themselves grappling with persistent issues due to a lack of innovative approaches.

In conclusion, the negative effects of the decline of creativity are pervasive, touching upon education, the workplace, cultural expressions, mental well-being, and societal progress. Addressing this decline necessitates a concerted effort to reevaluate educational paradigms, prioritize creative thinking in the workplace, celebrate diverse cultural expressions, and recognize the intrinsic value of creativity in fostering a resilient and dynamic society. Only through a collective commitment to nurturing creativity can we hope to mitigate these adverse effects and pave the way for a more innovative and vibrant future.

By: Emmanuel C. Okorie

Dec 29th, 2023

The Decline Of Creativity

The decline of creativity is a complex phenomenon influenced by various factors. Understanding the primary causes requires a nuanced exploration of societal, educational, and individual elements that contribute to stifling creative expression. One significant factor contributing to the decline of creativity is the rigid nature of modern education systems.

Traditional educational structures often prioritize rote memorization and standardized testing over fostering imaginative thinking. Students are frequently encouraged to conform to established norms rather than exploring alternative perspectives.

This emphasis on uniformity can hinder the development of creative skills, as originality is often overshadowed by the need to meet predetermined academic benchmarks. Moreover, the societal pressure for immediate and tangible results has led to a diminished tolerance for risk-taking. In an era dominated by instant gratification and quantifiable outcomes, individuals may be hesitant to pursue creative endeavours that do not guarantee immediate success. This aversion to uncertainty stifles experimentation and innovation, critical components of the creative process.

Technological advancements, paradoxically, also play a role in the decline of creativity. While technology provides unparalleled access to information, it can inadvertently stifle creativity by promoting passive consumption over active creation.

The constant bombardment of pre-packaged content and the ease of accessing ready-made solutions can deter individuals from engaging in the more challenging and time-consuming process of generating original ideas. The rise of standardized forms of entertainment, particularly through social media platforms, has further contributed to a decline in creative thinking.

The popularity of algorithms that curate content based on user preferences creates echo chambers that reinforce existing beliefs and preferences. This limited exposure to diverse perspectives can impede the development of novel ideas, as individuals may find themselves confined within the boundaries of what is familiar and popular.

Additionally, economic pressures and the pursuit of financial stability can divert attention away from creative pursuits. The demands of modern employment often prioritize specialization and efficiency, leaving little room for employees to explore creative outlets. This emphasis on productivity at the expense of creativity can result in a workforce that is proficient in specific tasks but lacks the ability to think critically and innovatively.

The decline of creativity is also linked to a reduction in unstructured playtime, particularly during childhood. In an era where structured activities and academic pressures dominate children's schedules, there is limited time for spontaneous and imaginative play. This unstructured play is crucial for the development of creativity, as it allows individuals to explore their interests, take risks, and learn from trial and error.

In conclusion, the primary causes of the decline of creativity are multifaceted and interlinked. From rigid educational systems to societal expectations and technological influences, various factors contribute to a diminishing emphasis on creative thinking. Addressing this decline requires a concerted effort to reshape educational paradigms, foster a culture that embraces risk and experimentation, and recognize the intrinsic value of creativity in personal and societal development.

By: Emmanuel C. Okorie

Dec 28th, 2023